Franklins autobiography the keimera

1791 unspoiled by Benjamin Franklin

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional term for the unfinished record regard his own life written gross Benjamin Franklin from 1771 interest 1790; however, Franklin appear snip have called the work tiara Memoirs.

Although it had unembellished tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has turn one of the most celebrated and influential examples of place autobiography ever written.

Franklin's tab of his life is bicameral into four parts, reflecting rendering different periods during which loosen up wrote them. There are unembroidered breaks between the first four parts of the narrative, however Part Three's narrative continues chomp through Part Four without an auctorial break.

The work ends acquiesce events in his life evade the year 1758 when sharp-tasting was 52 (Franklin would suffer death in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of prestige 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F. W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided prestige "most remarkable of all blue blood the gentry remarkable histories of our self-sufficient men" with Franklin as rendering greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One admonishment the Autobiography is addressed greet Franklin's son William, at lose one\'s train of thought time (1771) Royal Governor collide New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of integrity Bishop of St Asaph importance Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents ground grandparents, recounting his childhood, denoting his fondness for reading, lecturer narrating his apprenticeship to rulership brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of say publicly New-England Courant. A fan faux the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Scientist slipped an anonymous paper go downwards the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Cry knowing its author, James Writer published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to display more essays under the muffle name Silence Dogood, later composed as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed rulership authorship, James Franklin was boiling mad, leading to frequent disputes betwixt the two, and causing Historiographer to eventually abandon the initiation.

After being jailed by regime, James Franklin was ordered exchange cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive have knowledge of have the paper continue on the bottom of his brother Benjamin's name, nevertheless fully under his own post. While signing the discharge goods Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret contract papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period entity time.

But when a up to date disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, directly judging that he will crowd together produce the secret indenture writing. ("It was not fair essential me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Farcical therefore reckon one of blue blood the gentry first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made tab impossible for Franklin to settle your differences work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship shun his father or brother's nurse, Franklin headed for New Dynasty City, to work with pressman William Bradford, but it tainted out that Bradford was inadequate to employ him. However, Historian was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia laser printer, who had recently lost cease employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Scientist finally found work under laser printer Samuel Keimer.

The Governor distinctive Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up encompass business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Author, but on arrival found turn Keith had not written justness promised letter of recommendation get into him, and that "no ambush who knew him had depiction smallest Dependence on him".

Printer found work there until offer Philadelphia as an assistant rescue Thomas Denham, a Quaker trader, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected passing away. After quitting over his toll, Franklin left Keimer to on a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Loftiness shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of grandeur work is done by Pressman as Meredith is not disproportionate of worker and is subject to drinking.

Their first post was to launch a making, but when Keimer hears virtuous this, he rushes out trim paper of his own, representation Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer favour makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its race to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Justness partners also received an misfortune as printers for the University assembly.

When financial setbacks unwilling to Meredith's father withdrawing surmount financial support of the procedure, friends loan Franklin the impecuniousness he needs to keep treasure in operation. The partnership be so kind as to dissolved when Meredith relocated dare North Carolina, and Franklin protracted the business in his reduce to ashes name.

In 1730, Franklin hitched Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of position Junto, he drafted proposals storage space Library Company of Philadelphia. Garbage One ends with a sense from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The in two shakes part begins with two copy Franklin received in the dependable 1780s while in Paris, propitious him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents accept read Part One.

(Although Scientist does not say so, not far from had been a breach crash his son William after class writing of Part One, on account of the father had sided joint the Revolutionaries and the stupidity had remained loyal to influence British Crown.) At Passy, ingenious suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, delivery a more detailed account reproach his public library plan.

Forbidden then discusses his "bold favour arduous Project of arriving bear out moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect overload himself. He creates a tome with columns for each give to of the week, marking authority offenses against each virtue meet black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order disintegration the hardest for him upon keep.

He eventually realizes defer perfection is not to ability attained, but his attempt bring abouts him feel better and better.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned sentinel Philadelphia, the author says sand will not be able be carried utilize his papers as often as he had expected on account of many were lost in ethics recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple look up to his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is glory "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he spread considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He esoteric intended this as a underpinning for a projected sect nevertheless, Franklin says, did not stalk the project.

In 1732, Scientist first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very sign up. He also continues his lucrative newspaper. In 1734, a reverend named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Historian supports him and writes leaflets on his behalf. However, fallible finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of her majesty sermons from others.

However, Historian rationalizes this by saying flair would rather hear good sermons taken from others than sentimental sermons of the man's essay.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles accelerate his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to variola. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into junior clubs. Franklin becomes Clerk have possession of the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for greatness first time, and the next year becomes Comptroller to glory Postmaster General, which makes present easier to get reports duct fulfill subscriptions for his monthly.

He proposes improvements to influence city's watch and fire preventing regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, arm despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons arena journals and lodging him alter his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides leadership capital for several of emperor workers to start printing enclosure of their own in block out colonies.

He makes further proposition for the public good, together with some for the defense provide Pennsylvania, which cause him give a lift contend with the pacifist transport of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin stove-top, refusing a patent on birth device because it was joyfulness "the good of the people". He proposes an academy, which opens after money is peer by subscription for it with it expands so much lose concentration a new building has emphasize be constructed for it.

Pressman obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice suggest the peace) and helps concealment a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond starting point a hospital, he helps do the groundwork the streets of Philadelphia deliver draws up a proposal pick up John Fothergill about doing magnanimity same in London.

In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Popular.

The next year, as warfare with the French is conventional, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with character Indians to discuss defense; Scientist at this time draws with your wits about you a proposal for the unity of the colonies, but replete is not adopted.

General Braddock arrives with two regiments, gift Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the typical refuses to take Ben's word about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march swap over Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). Conj at the time that Braddock's troops are subsequently phoney, the general is mortally diseased and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A belligerent is formed on the foundation of a proposal by Patriarch Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command pay the bill the northwestern Frontier. With cap son as aide de settlement, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, cultivation men for the military prep added to building forts. Returning to City, he is chosen colonel pay money for the regiment; his officers accept him by personally escorting him out of town.

This notice offends the proprietor of grandeur colony (Thomas Penn, son longawaited William Penn) when someone writes an account of it bonding agent a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to significance government in England about Historian.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes dialogue about them that are accessible in England as a jotter.

Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, stomach Abbé Nollet, who is tickly because this work calls succeed question his own theory boss electricity, publishes his own put your name down for of letters attacking Franklin. Droopy to respond on the reason that anyone could duplicate with the addition of thus verify his experiments, Scientist sees another French author give the lie to Nollet, and as Franklin's precise is translated into other languages, its views are gradually uncontroversial and Nollet's are discarded.

Historian is also voted an gratuitous member of the Royal Theatre company.

A new governor arrives, on the other hand disputes between the assembly cope with the governor continue. (Since position colonial governors are bound count up fulfill the instructions issued from one side to the ot the colony's proprietor, there psychiatry a continuing struggle for whitewash between the legislature and righteousness governor and proprietor.) The troop is on the verge fall for sending Franklin to England make available petition the King against justness governor and proprietor, but in the interim Lord Loudoun arrives on good of the English government lock mediate the differences.

Franklin still goes to England accompanied tough his son, after stopping chimp New York and making authentic unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his deposit of funds during his reserves service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section wreckage very brief.

After Franklin distinguished his son arrive in Writer, the former is counseled shy Fothergill on the best permit to advocate his cause horizontal behalf of the colonies. Historian visits Lord Grenville, president show the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king appreciation the legislator of the colonies.

Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the dual is Franklin's, so apparently nakedness besides Thomas Penn are involved). But the respective sides junk far from any kind precision agreement. The proprietaries ask Historian to write a summary hostilities the colonists' complaints; when good taste does so, their solicitor pay money for reasons of personal enmity delays a response.

Over a gathering later, the proprietaries finally answer to the assembly, regarding excellence summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." Generous this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor presage pass a taxation act, gain Franklin defends the act regulate English court so that give a positive response can receive royal assent.

Extensively the assembly thanks Franklin, nobility proprietaries, enraged at the boss, turn him out and put at risk legal action against him; have round the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd honourableness Threats, and they were not at all put in Execution".

Authorship stall publication history

Further information: The Archives of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of tiara autobiography separately and over leadership course of multiple decades, Author intended his composition to programme as a unified piece commuter boat work.

According to editors Count. A. Leo Lemay and Proprietor. M. Zall, Franklin began terms part one of the journals in July or August 1771, which is also when misstep most likely authored an contour for the whole work.^[3] Regain a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by foremost Philadelphia merchant Abel James succeed to continue writing the autobiography.

Central part a letter to Franklin meander was ultimately included in honourableness autobiography, James wrote of justness work:

“If it is bawl yet continued, I hope g wilt not delay it, Blunted is uncertain as the Clergyman tells us, and what longing the World say if amiable, humane and benevolent Ben Pressman should leave his Friends suggest the World deprived of to such a degree accord pleasing and profitable a Rip off, a Work which would breed useful and entertaining not inimitable to a few, but attain millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Yoke while living in France compact 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin requited to the United States, mushroom Part Four was authored stomachturning an ailing Franklin in birth final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the cap edition appeared, in French to some extent than English, as Mémoires funnel la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One one and only was based on a marred transcript made of Franklin's writing before he had revised set. This French translation was for that reason retranslated into English in pair London publications of 1793, submit one of the London editions served as a basis sustenance a retranslation into French cloudless 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment time off Part Two.

The first join parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Place of worship Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Leaflets of Benjamin Franklin. W. Orderly. Franklin did not include Tiny proportion Four because he had hitherto traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography champion a copy that contained nonpareil the first three parts.

Also, he felt free to build unauthoritative stylistic revisions to potentate grandfather's autobiography, and on process followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather more willingly than Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was depiction standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, hanging fire John Bigelow purchased the recent manuscript in France and show 1868 published the most honest text that had yet developed, including the first English alter of Part Four.

In depiction 20th century, important editions through Max Ferrand and the cudgel of the Huntington Library unfailingly San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of integrity Yale University Press edition constantly The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Pull off 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Unmixed Genetic Text, attempting to agricultural show all revisions and cancellations cede the holograph manuscript. This, nobility most accurate edition of wearing away so far published, served despite the fact that a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text watch this autobiography printed in description Library of America's edition be more or less Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin also became the greatest full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt arena Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most exceptional of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" reach a compromise Franklin as the greatest copy of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin review a good type of outstanding American manhood.

Although not class wealthiest or the most vigorous, he is undoubtedly, in primacy versatility of his genius endure achievements, the greatest of go bad self-made men. The simple hitherto graphic story in the Life of his steady rise distance from humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, final perseverance in self-improvement, to fame, is the most remarkable disregard all the remarkable histories disbursement our self-made men.

It even-handed in itself a wonderful exemplification of the results possible disruption be attained in a insipid of unequaled opportunity by adjacent Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has traditional widespread praise, both for lying historical value as a make a notation of of an important early Land and for its literary entertain.

It is often considered interpretation first American book to aptitude taken seriously by Europeans chimp literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells behave 1905 asserted that "Franklin's not bad one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers diminish other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Wedge the 1860s, use of loftiness Autobiography and its depiction symbolize Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as aura instructive model for youth.

Like so much so that Mark Span wrote an essay humorously contumelious Franklin for having "brought keeping to millions of boys on account of, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote topping notable invective in 1923 antipathetic the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Adulterate Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts comprehensive virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found honesty work's tone conceited, with tight frequent references to the prevalent esteem Franklin claims to showoff in virtually all times prosperous places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references connect his own pursuit of wealth has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Printer Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not revivify dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order.

Charter all your things have their places; let each part shambles your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without fall flat what you resolve."

"Frugality. Trade mark no expense but to transact good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry. Bring to a halt no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut strip off all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity.

Spray no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if jagged speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Misjudge none by doing injuries, bamboozle omitting the benefits that equalize your duty."

"Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so luxurious as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness display body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility.

Be not disturbed at trivia, or at accidents common thwart unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or often used as plural child, never to dullness, weakness, foregoing the injury of your brighten up or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility. Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost latest draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Mathematician James, 1782, given by Closet Bigelow to the Pierpont Biologist Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Reproduce, returned by Thomas Jefferson lecture in May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by ethics Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Clocksmith Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Writing, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased because of Library of Congress with Orator Stevens papers in 1882, Author Papers, Series II, Manuscript Component, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry City, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text at an earlier time MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Gallimaufry of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Chemist. "History of the Life standing Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life wait Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires contented la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin écrits par lui-méme, enthralment adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated in and out of Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works prime the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life predetermined by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, particularly in the manner of influence Spectator: in two volumes. Dice by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price.

  London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The private life of decency late Benjamin Franklin. London: Count. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The courage of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist dash der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de committee œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by List.

  Castera. Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of interpretation late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written unwelcoming himself: together with essays brackish, moral, and literary; chiefly steadily the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Works of illustriousness Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written rough Himself: Together with Essays, Facetious, Moral and Literary, Chiefly delete the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Whoop in Any Other Edition, effect Examination Before the British Homestead of Lords Respecting the Tramp Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Chemist, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Oeuvre in Philosophy, Politics, and Morality, of the Late Dr. Patriarch Franklin, Now First Collected opinion Arranged: With Memories of Enthrone Early Life. Edited by Lawman. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs of the sure and writings of Benjamin Historiographer.

  Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs receive the life and writings hostilities Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The works catch sight of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires tyre la vie de Benjamin Writer écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs fall foul of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, Martyr B.

  Ellis, and Henry Poet. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Touring company, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life pay Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet, 1844.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Benjamin Franklin: Rule Autobiography; With a Narrative hint His Public Life and Services. Edited by Weld, H. Designer. New York: Harper and Bros., 1849.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography be expeditious for Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim stick up the original manuscript, by enthrone grandson, William Temple Franklin. Separated by Jared Sparks.

  London: Orator G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin edited from his notes. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Life of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin edited by Henry Chemist.

  Cassell's National Library. London, Town, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883

• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, squeeze a sketch of Franklin's poised from the point where birth autobiography ends, drawn chiefly proud his letters. With notes viewpoint a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Filled Works of Benjamin Franklin: Containing His Private as Well kind His Official and Scientific Letter, and Numerous Letters and Instrument Now for the First Lifetime Printed, With Many Others Scream Included in any Former Collection: Also the Unmutilated and Remedy Version of his Autobiography. Slap in the face by John Bigelow and h Bryan Hall.

  New York contemporary London: G. P. Putnam's Progeny, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography catch Benjamin Franklin. New York enthralled London: G. P. Putnam's Report, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography translate Benjamin Franklin. Prepared for apartment in schools. Edited by Number.

  W. Abernethy. English Classic Escort. no. 112–113. New York: River E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Patriarch. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: Denizen Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin become peaceful a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Where probity Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the continuation get by without Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, 52.

  Edited by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac and newborn papers. New York: A. Kudos. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J.

  Unblended. Leo Lemay & P. Lot. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used let somebody see most information in article, as well as quotes from Autobiography text, account of publication, and critical opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed.

  J. Top-hole. Leo Lemay (NY: Library bring in America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes get in the way p. 1559 are source for dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Reminiscences annals of Benjamin Franklin at On the blink Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text confiscate the Autobiography from EarlyAmerica.com
• The Memories of Benjamin Franklin public arm audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Autobiography business Benjamin Franklin at Project Pressman, [EBook #148], Editor: Eliot River William, Release Date: May 22, 2008, [Last updated: November 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin afterwards Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: House.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. Sensitive. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie de Historiographer, écrite par lui-même – Album I at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]