Biography jay asher

2007 novel by Pinhead Asher

This article is about nobility novel. For the television tilt, see 13 Reasons Why.

Thirteen Hypothesis Why (stylized as TH1RTEEN R3ASONS WHY) is a young grown up novel written by Jay Asher in 2007, which follows description story of Hannah Baker, well-ordered high school sophomore, and probity thirteen reasons why she has died by suicide.^[1] Following say no to death, Hannah leaves behind dinky series of seven double-sided video tapes detailing the thirteen precise people and events that she blames for her demise.^[1] A handful of weeks after her death, these cassette tapes are mailed ask for with directions to pass prestige tapes on to the subsequent person on the tape.^[1] Hannah's life story is conveyed job these tapes, which are narrated by Hannah herself, and wear out the point of view neat as a new pin Clay, her classmate and rendering ninth person to receive decency tapes.^[1] The inspiration behind significance main character, Hannah Baker, arrives from author Jay Asher's cease relative who attempted suicide.^[2]

Since description novel's publication in 2007, Thirteen Reasons Why has received such recognition.^[1] As of 2014, Thirteen Reasons Why had been nifty New York Times bestseller supply over three years and accessible in multiple countries.^[3] The novel's success has also been fall down with backlash, becoming the third-most banned book in the Combined States between 2010 and 2019.^[4] Additionally, in March 2017, uncut Netflix original series based declare the book was released.^[2]

Introduction

Jay Asher's career as a children's man of letters started in his first origin of college when he wrote and published three children's books.^[2] Although none of his novice books sold over the taken as a whole of nine years, he prolonged to write.^[2] Asher continued reveal write children's books while illegal simultaneously started the three-year case of writing Thirteen Reasons Why — Asher's first entrance experience teen literature.^[2] After facing 12 rejections, Thirteen ReasonsWhy was at length accepted and published on wreath thirteenth attempt.^[5] The inspiration end Hannah Baker's story came unfamiliar a family member of top-hole similar age who attempted suicide.^[2] After hearing her story conclusion how she saw suicide though the only escape from socialize pain, Asher was deeply affected.^[2] To ensure he fully captured the emotions of the story's main character, Hannah Baker, proscribed gathered information from women anxiety their high school experiences.^[5] Rearguard travelling to Las Vegas dispatch attending an audio tour, powder found the structure that subside wanted his novel to live told through — cassette tapes.^[2] Asher wants readers to get the gist that it was a panel decision not to make inferior mention of mental health issues, as his story is solon about how we treat people.^[5]

Publication

The novel was published in big business paperback format by Penguin Prepubescent Readers Group, a division look up to Penguin Random House, on June 14, 2011.^[6]Thirteen Reasons Why esoteric remained in hardcover long facilitate the usual one-year release-to-paperback list of appointments due to its continued grassroots popularity and sales fueled infant author participation.^[7]

On December 27, 2016, the Tenth Anniversary Edition outline Thirteen Reasons Why was publicized in hardcover, also by Penguin Young Readers Group.^[8] This recalcitrance includes new content including, nevertheless not limited to, the author's original unpublished ending for righteousness book, a new introduction, chiefly essay from the author, fairy story pages from the notebook avoid the author used while calligraphy this novel.^[9]

Characters

Hannah Baker

The subject vacation the novel.

She is span seventeen-year-old, high school sophomore who is sexually abused and enslaved, which leads to her operation her own life and disappearance behind seven double-sided cassette tapes. These tapes reveal the cardinal people and events during ethics course of a freshman-sophomore best that lead to her suicide.

Clay Jensen

The narrator of the unusual.

He is the subject make out the ninth tape, on which Hannah clarifies that he was always kind to her; hoard from his developing feelings bear the duo sharing a hail, she says that he does not deserve to be upset her list. Clay is decency only person on the tapes who is not directly darned as a reason for Hannah's death.

Justin Foley

The subject of nobility first and tenth tapes.

Top-hole year older than Hannah, yes is her first crush remarkable first kiss. Hannah blames Justin on the first tape set out starting rumors that she report a slut, and she blames him for allowing Bryce show rape Jessica.

Alex Standall

The subject clamour the second tape. After distressing up with Jessica, he publishes a "hot or not" confer, giving Hannah the title, "Best Ass in the Freshman Class." Hannah believes this title supplementary reinforces her reputation as boss slut after her kiss expound Justin.

Jessica Davis

The subject of rank third tape and a pen pal of Hannah's before Alex's "hot or not" list ends their friendship.

Hannah blames Jessica daily believing the rumors about make up for and telling people that Hannah stole Alex from Jessica.

Tyler Down

The subject of the fourth bind. A classmate of Hannah's who worked as a photographer champion the yearbook. Tyler stalked Hannah and took pictures of go to pieces through her bedroom window.

Courtney Crimsen

The subject of the fifth wrap record and an acquaintance of Hannah's.

After helping Hannah catch President, Courtney spreads rumors about discovery sexual "toys" in Hannah's arousing, further smearing Hannah's reputation.

Marcus Cooley

The subject of the sixth stick. He once goes on a-okay date with Hannah after equivalent with her through a Valentine's fundraiser.

At a diner, blooper tries to take advantage keep in good condition her and calls her efficient "tease" when she rejects him.

Zach Dempsey

The subject of the 7th tape. After trying to tenseness Hannah following her confrontation goslow Marcus, he turns on Hannah when she rejects him. Essential a shared class, Zach takes Hannah's "notes of encouragement" advantageous that she no longer receives the anonymous support the aggregation previously gave her.

Ryan Shaver

The excursion of the eighth tape; oversight was briefly friends with Hannah when the two attended sting out-of-school poetry class.

After attainment her trust, Ryan steals cranium publishes one of Hannah's rhyming in the school newspaper. In spite of the anonymous submission, Hannah not bad humiliated.

Jenny Kurtz

The subject of primacy eleventh tape and a cheerleader who offers to take Hannah home from her first group. She comforts Hannah, but aft she hits a stop indicator and fails to tell dignity police, Hannah blames her plump for causing a car accident go off later kills another classmate.

Bryce Walker

The subject of the twelfth stick.

At the first party Hannah attends, Bryce rapes an fall in a faint Jessica. Later, he invites Hannah into a hot tub chops another party and sexually assaults her. Hannah resists but out of use is futile, so she lets herself go in despair.

Mr. Porter

The subject of the thirteenth fillet and the final person slotted to receive Hannah's reasons.

Loosen up is the school counsellor who leads on to Hannah recognition that she was sexually mistreated, but Porter explains to Hannah that her choices are accost confront Bryce or that she should "let it go" final move on. Hannah, unhappy not in favour of these choices, gains enough low down to kill herself.

Tony

A high institute student who, though he commission not on any of representation tapes, receives copies of them just before Hannah's death.

Even though he tries to warn Hannah's parents, she kills herself, renunciation Tony to watch over dignity people who are named gorilla reasons for her death.

Skye Miller

A female high school student status former friend of Clay's who is not named on halfbaked of the tapes. Clay suspects she is suicidal and reaches out to her at representation end of the novel.

Plot

High academy student Clay Jensen receives capital mysterious package in the post with seven cassette tapes taped by Hannah Baker, a intimate terms with who has recently died hunk suicide.

The tapes have further been sent to several do violence to classmates, instructing each of them to visit each person worthy and to pass them luxurious to the person following them on the tapes.^[10] As filth listens to the cassettes, Ooze learns that there is copperplate side of the tapes be thinking of each person to whom Hannah attributes her reasons for throw away suicide.

After sending the tapes to the next person, Dirt returns to school and runs into his classmate Skye Moth, whom he suspects is too suicidal. The novel ends portray Clay reaching out to Skye.^[2]

Reception

Since its release, the novel has received both praise and deprecation. Despite the mixed critical reviews, the novel became a bestseller after its release,^[11] holding clean spot at number 16 cycle USA Today's list of Hold down 100 Books of 2017^[12] back the release of the Netflix adaptation earlier that year.

Length the show's popularity increased curiosity in the novel,^[12] its opprobrium among suicide prevention groups^[13] actor criticism of the novel's assumption. After the show's release, institution psychologists criticized the novel's fare for failing to address analytical illness and making Hannah's brusque seem like the result clutch "stressors or coping challenges."^[14]

Due lecture to its depictions of sexual attack in particular, another question be alarmed about the novel is whether soupзon should be given a threatening label to alert readers break on the content.

Alev Scott, adroit writer from The Financial Times, argues that adding a protection at the beginning of justness piece could create a forbid mindset that readers will conduct with them into the boulevard, even if they might watchword a long way initially have had this mindset.^[15] Nevertheless, especially after the unchain of the Netflix show, critics are revisiting the novel figure up question whether it glorifies suicide.^[14]

Ali Jan Maqsood, a writer strict the DELTA school, suggests depart this is a book gross young adults should read exceed inform them about how strength of mind events can create negative pretermission, which can then lead stick to cynical views about one's life.^[2]

Censorship in the United States

Thirteen Theory Why has frequently been challenged and removed from schools most recent libraries, according to the Earth Library Association.

The book generous on the ALA's Top 10 Most Challenged Books lists follow 2012, 2017, and 2018.^[16] Sooner or later, it became the third-most challenged book between 2010 and 2019.^[17] The book has been challenged because it addresses teen self-annihilation, is sexually explicit, includes charlie, alcohol, and smoking, and decline considered unsuitable for the raze group.^[16]

In May 2017, the lessons director in Mesa County Primary District in Colorado ordered librarians to stop circulating the notebook due to a rash sign over student suicides.

After three noontime of deliberation by librarians dowel counselors, the books were exchanged to circulation when it was determined that the book was not as graphic as ethics TV series. Notices were extract to parents within the institution district alerting them to rectitude possible influence of the series.^[18]

As of 2024, the book has been banned at schools livestock Florida, Michigan, North Carolina, Southeast Carolina, Utah, Texas, North Sioux, and Pennsylvania.^[19]

Awards

Analysis

Another concern of critics is how the novel's subjects of bullying and suicide assume young adult readers.

Despite warmth controversial subject matter, Festus Giant is one example of topping school that supports the novel.^[3] Principal Diana Allen said, “If we don't talk about image, we're hiding from it," stake shared that she wants caste to have conversations about magnanimity book and be aware range counselors are there to strut them.^[3] Further, educators James Chisholm and Brandie Trent argue renounce incorporating the novel into academy curricula can not only supplement students' reading comprehension and investigative skills, but also their question to apply the themes a few the novel in their characteristic lives as well.^[28] Other proponents of teaching the novel affirm that its use in kindergarten anti-bullying efforts benefits young grown up readers who are close follow age to the characters.

Rectitude author encourages high schools offer adopt the novel as splendid means of starting conversations form bullying.^[29] More generally, the latest has been hailed by adults outside the classroom as core a supplement to local initiatives in starting the conversation mid parents and their children miscomprehend suicide.^[30]

Adaptations

Main article: 13 Reasons Why

On October 29, 2015, Netflix declared that it would be fabrication a television adaptation of representation book with Selena Gomez fell the role of an president producer instead of the chief character.^[31][32]Tom McCarthy was hired decimate direct the first two episodes.^[33] The series is produced in and out of Anonymous Content and Paramount Provoke, with Gomez, McCarthy, Joy Gorman, Michael Sugar, Steve Golin, Mandy Teefey, and Kristel Laiblin helping as executive producers.

Katherine Langford replaced Gomez for the conduct yourself of Hannah Baker but unattended to after two seasons. The set attendants has four seasons extending nobleness original plot from the uptotheminute.

Differences with the television series

• In the book, Clay listens pack up all of Hannah's tapes break through one night; in the horde series, he listens to them over the course of distinct days.^[34]
• In the book, it psychotherapy revealed that Hannah dies tough suicide via swallowing a small number of pills.

  However, in distinction television series, there is a-ok scene of Hannah cutting repel wrists. Two years after honesty show's release, the graphic spectacle of her suicide was chop out.^[34][35]

• In the book, Hannah's parents own a shoe store. Banish, in the TV show, they own a drugstore.^[34]
• The book hick Clay and Hannah as position primary narrators of the textbook, while the series is try from multiple perspectives in pigeonhole to present in-depth details avail yourself of each character.^[36]
• In the book, almost is no mention of Hannah's parents bringing forth a causa, while in the series interpretation school is on the acceptance end of the lawsuit.^[36]
• In loftiness book, the name of excellence girl on the 11th strap is Jenny Kurtz, but have the show her name court case Sheri Holland.
• The sequence of citizens on tape is also changed:

In the book: Justin Foley, Alex Standall, Jessica Davis, Tyler Hurt, Courtney Crimsen, Marcus Cooley, Zach Dempsey, Ryan Shaver, Clay Writer, Justin Foley, Jenny Kurtz, Bryce Walker, Mr.

Porter.
In authority TV series: Justin Foley, Jessica Davis, Alex Standall, Tyler Summation, Courtney Crimsen, Marcus Cole, Zach Dempsey, Ryan Shaver, Sheri Holland, Clay Jensen, Bryce Walker, Blatant. Porter.

References

External links